Daniel Defoe as a novelist.

Topic : Daniel Defoe as a Novelist.

Name : Makwana Ankita.

Roll No : 2.

Paper no :2.(The Neo-Classical Literature).

Year :2013.

Submitted To :Heenaba Zala.

Department of English.

Q.1 Danel Defoe as a Novelist.

                              Born:In1659,in London

                                                            Died:In London on April 24,1731

                                                           Occupation:Novelist,Prose writer.

·      His Life.

                  He was born in London.His mother and Father , James and Mary Foe. He was an English dealer  , journalist ,  pamphleteer and spy . The date and the place of his birth are unsure , with sources often giving dates of anywhere between 1659 to 1661 . His father , James Foe a member of Butchers’ Company.A prolific and versatile writer , he wrote more than 500 books , pamphlets and journals on various topic. He was also the pioneer of economic journalism.

·      His Education.

            Defoe was educated at the Rev.James Fisher’s boarding

School in Pixham Lane in Dorking in Surrey.At around the age of 14, he attended a dissenting  academy at Newington Green in London.

·      His work.

·      Novels.

1).Robinson Crusoe.(1719)

2).Memoirs of a Cavalier.(1720)

3).Colonel Jack.(1724).

4).Moll Flanders.(1722)

5).Captain Singleton.

Defoe’s first notable publication was An Essay upon projects , a series of proposals for social and economic improvement , published in 1697.Defoe wrot in three-volume travel book,’A Tour Thro’ the whole Island of Great Britain.Other none fiction books include ‘The complet English Tradesman’ And London,the Most Flouring City in the Universe.

1).Robinson Crusoe.

Robinson crusoe first published in 1719.Robinson Crusoe is both

The narrator and main character of the novel.This novel can be divided into 15 chapter.In the first chapter Crosoe born in 1632.

His father was merchant very wealthy.Father want him to become a lawyer.The first of September in the year 1651 went on board of ship which was going to London.In chapter 2 Robinson Crusoe become a merchant and is Captured.in London he makes a good friends.One of them was the captain of a ship Guinea.This voyage  made with both a sailor and merchant.

               In the Chapter 3 Crusoe is Shipwrecked.We reach Brazil.

The captain of ship helped me toreached there.When he asked what he returned for saved his life.He kindly refused.He gave him

Eighty pieces of silver for boat and sixty pieces for Xury.In the chapter 4 Crosoe the descriptino of Crusoe Lands on his island.

In chapter 5 the description of Crusoe build his house.In the chapter 6 the descritpion of crusoe begins to explore his island.

In chapter 7 the description of Crusoe builds a boat.In the chapter

8 the description of a strange discovery.In the chapter 9 the descrption of Crusoe gains companion.In chapter 10 the description of a second canoe is built. In chapter 11 the description of more visitors to the island.In chapter 12 the description of Crusoe’s guests on the Island.In chapter 13 the description of a ship arrives at the island.In chapter 14 the description of more mutineers are captured.In chapter 15 the description of the ship is recaptured.At the end of the novel

Crosoe left the island on the nineteenth of December in the year

1686.

2).Memoirs of Cavalier.

·      Summary.

Later , Defoe wrote Memoirs of Cavalier , set during the Thirty years’ War and the English Civil War.Memoirs of a Cavalier were published of on the 21^st of May 1720.It will be , for

Facility of reference, to give a brief summary of the main incidents

Of the Cavalier’s life as set forth in the Memoirs.It will then be easy to judge of the plausibility of any theory which may be put

Forth.

         “ It may suffice the reader ” say the Cavalier ,without being

very inquisitive after my name  I that I was born in the country of salop,in the year 1608.His father, a gentleman of means ,lived

six miles from “ the town “.Being a second son ,  the Cavalier was

carefully taught and was sent to college”Oxford , when he was seventee.At the end of three years he returned home,but, he

evinced a great desire to travel, his father gave his permission

and he set out for the continent with a friend on April 22, 1630.

From September 1630 to January 1631 he was at Milan, and in

April 1631 he reached Vienna,where every one was discussing

the war in Germany, and the action of the king of Sweden.

                    

3).Colonel Jack.

                Colonel Jack is a novel by Daniel Defoe, first published in 1722. The considerably longer title under which it was originally published is the History and Remarkable Life of the truly Honourable Col. Jacque, commonly call'd Col. Jack, who was Born a Gentleman, put 'Prentice to a Pick−Pocket, was Six and Twenty Years a Thief, and then Kidnapp'd to Virginia, Came back a Merchant; was Five times married to Four Whores; went into the Wars, behav'd bravely, got Preferment, was made Colonel of a Regiment, came over, and fled with the Chevalier, is still abroad compleating a Life of Wonders, and resolves to dye a General.

·       Summary .

The novel begins with Jack as an abandoned illegitimate child, whose attending nurse is instructed by his father to inform Jack when he grows up that he is a "Gentleman". The nurse dubs her own son "Captain Jack" to differentiate him from the two other Jacks under her care, and provides the protagonist with the name "Colonel Jack"; the other she calls "Major Jack". The nurse dies when Colonel Jack is ten, and the three young boys, thrown into the outside world, turn to crime; Colonel Jack becomes the assistant to a pick-pocket, Will, and is inducted into the skills of the trade. As the scale and nature of the crimes becomes more severe, Jack begins to understand the harm he is doing.

       After wandering the country with captain Jack and setting in Scotland for a time,the two joine the army but soon desert.Making their way to Newcastle they are tricked into boarding a boat which they believed to be bound for London,

But which is actually headed for Virginia.There they are sold into servitude. Jack serves his time and sufficiently impressis master to become plantation owner himself.He becomes a reformed character who repents his past life.

               

                       After being prisoner by the enemy,jack becomes embroiled into marriage  with a calculating woman, who is again  an adulteress.He wounds her lover in a dual and flees back to London.Jack marries again,though his wife becomes  an alcoholic and an adulteress, and finally drinks to herself to death.He chooses resettle in Verginia, his new wife, Moggy ,having died in mealtime.The novel ends with Jack speaking for his intention to travel to Cadiz , then from there to London, to be rejoined by his wife Verginia.

4).Moll Flanders.

·       Summary.

                   The novel first published in 1722. . It purpose to be the true account of the life of the eponymous Moll, detailing her exploits from birth until old age. Moll's mother is a convict in Newgate Prison in London who is given a reprieve by "pleading her belly," a reference to the custom of staying the executions of pregnant criminals. Her mother is eventually transported to America, and Moll Flanders is raised until adolescent by a goodly foster mother, and the gets attached to the household as a servant where she is loved by both son’s,the elder of whom convices her to “act like they were married” in bed, eventually unwilling to marry her ,he persuades her to marry his younger brother.

                      After five year of marriage , she then is widowed leaves her

Children in the care of in-laws, and begins honing the skill of passing herself off  as a fortuned widow attract to man who will marry her and Provide with her security after three children , Moll learns that her mother in-law is actually her biological mother ,which makes her husband her half brother.leaving her two children, behind and goes to live in bath to seek a new husband.

                      Moll, now 42,resorts to another beau, a banker who while still married to an adulterous wife,proposes to Moll after she entrusts with her money.While waiting for banker to devorce , Moll prenteds to have a great fortune attract another wealthy husband.He is in fact A ruined gentleman and discharges her from the marriage ,telling nevertheless that she should inherit any money he might ever get.

·      Conclusion.

                                    

                     He wrote more than, pamphlets and journals on various  topic. He was also the pioneer of economic journalism.Another novel is Captain Singleton.and his Famous novel is Robinson Crusoe.